Explanation text merupakan teks bahasa Inggris yang menjelaskan proses terjadinya suatu fenomena, baik itu sosial, alam, budaya, ilmu pengetahuan, dsb yang berlangsung di sekitar kita. Adapun kejadian tersebut memiliki hubungan sebab-akibat.
Examples of Explanation Text
- Natural Phenomenon:
- Why Does Rain Occur?
- Explains the water cycle, including evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.
- Scientific Process:
- How Photosynthesis Works
- Describes the process plants use to convert sunlight into energy.
- Social Phenomenon:
- Why Traffic Jams Happen
- Explains the factors contributing to traffic congestion, such as high vehicle density and poor road management.
Structure of Explanation Text
- Title
- Provides a clear idea of the topic being explained.
- Example: Why Volcanoes Erupt.
- General Statement (Introduction)
- Introduces the phenomenon to be explained.
- Example: “A volcano is a geological structure that can erupt and release lava, ash, and gases.”
- Explanation (Body)
- Details the causes, processes, or steps related to the phenomenon.
- Example: “Volcanic eruptions occur due to the movement of tectonic plates, which allows magma to rise through cracks in the Earth’s crust.”
- Closing (Conclusion)
- May summarize or reinforce the explanation.
- Example: “Understanding volcanic eruptions helps us mitigate their impacts on human lives and the environment.”
Characteristics of Explanation Text
- Factual Information:
- Based on real-world processes or phenomena.
- Objective:
- Avoids personal opinions and focuses on explanations.
- Technical Vocabulary:
- Includes terms specific to the topic, such as “evaporation,” “magma,” or “photosynthesis.”
- Cause-and-Effect Relationships:
- Explains why something happens and what it leads to.
- Logical Order:
- Organized step-by-step or by process.
Example of Explanation Text:
Title: Why Do Earthquakes Happen?
General Statement:
Earthquakes are natural phenomena that result from the sudden movement of the Earth’s crust. They can cause significant damage depending on their magnitude and location.
Explanation:
Earthquakes occur due to the movement of tectonic plates. These plates float on the Earth’s mantle and occasionally collide, separate, or slide past each other. The energy released during these movements causes vibrations, which we feel as an earthquake. The point where the energy originates is called the focus, and the location directly above it on the Earth’s surface is the epicenter.
Closing:
By understanding the causes of earthquakes, scientists can develop better methods for predicting and preparing for these events, reducing their impact on communities.
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